Laurence J.N. Cooper, M.D., Ph.D.
M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
Houston, Texas

"Enhanced immunotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma through the use of modified T-cells"

Background:

The immune system is a defense mechanism for the body to protect itself against infection and disease.  A major class of white blood cells which can elicit a strong immune response is called the T-cells.  T-cells have multiple functions, but one of their primary duties is to identify, attack, and destroy diseased cells.

In past years, researchers have been trying to modify this group of immune cells to specifically identify and attack cancerous cells by recognizing aberrant proteins produced by mutated genes.  Although patients treated with this modified form of T-cells respond well initially, the clinical effect is transient.  This is due to the relatively short life span of T-cells once they enter a patient's body.  As a result, they are unable to expand to prolong their potency.  

Project Director and Research:

At the City of Hope National Medical Center, California,Dr. Cooper 's research is designed to circumvent the limitations involving the use of modified T-cells. Through genetic modification, bi-specific T-cells are in development. These newly engineered cells will posses the ability to both respond to viral antigen stimulation and identify cancerous cells. By remaining active for a longer duration through the utilization of these methods, the therapeutic value of bi-specific T-cells will be greatly enhanced.

Impact on Cancer Prevention, Treatment, or Cure:

Over 55,000 cases of lymphoma are diagnosed each year in the US alone and the number is rising. Although both Hodgkin 's lymphoma and NHL infiltrate reticuloendothelial tissues, their response towards current available treatments are dramatically different. While Hodgkin's disease can be cured in nearly 75% of all patients undergoing both traditional and experimental treatments, only about 35% of NHL patients can be cured. This gives an indication that more research needs to be directed towards this fatal disease. Through Dr. Cooper 's work, many NHL patients will be able to receive more effective treatment giving them a greater chance in fighting the battle against non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.